!!! Computerhok 2013
[{TableOfContents }]
!! Intro
The old computerhok is running for almost 5 years now (Ubuntu 8.04, both hypervisor and guests), time for something new.
!! Functions to be ported from old to new
* Gallery
* JSPWiki, including apache frontend
* home for geocaching ''hof'' images
* nagios (on a separate guest or on hypervisor?)
* fail2ban like solution (see current {{~~/bin/cron/blockHost.sh}})
* backuphost for krm2DB
* a backup hardware node on remote location, and __easy__ backup
* dhfds
* [http://www.esthercreations.nl] can retire
* webmin still necessary ?
* mail server (not open relay!, see /etc/postfix/main.cf)
* [uptime script|http://www.computerhok.nl/cgi-bin/user/uptime.cgi]
* OpenVZ logo should go from homepage
!! VirtualBox
We will no longer use OpenVZ, it is too restrictive in choice of guest OS'es.\\
We intend to use [VirtualBox|VirtualBox-4.1] as hypervisor, and Ubuntu 12.04 LTS as both host and guest OS.
!! Work in progress / install log
! Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS
* Installed Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS from USB stick.
** LVM setup and 10GB root partitiion
** temporary wlan0 (wireless) as primary interface
** IP address 10.0.0.150
** only SSH server
** Locales: en_US.UTF-8 and nl_NL.UTF-8 (first one default)
! kernel recompile
* recompile kernel because of [DSDT issue|Installatie Ubuntu#KernelCompile]
! VirtualBox installation
__[VBoxManage syntax]__
* install packages
** add {{deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian precise contrib}}
** add the apt key : [sudo apt-key add oracle_vbox.asc|http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian/oracle_vbox.asc]
** {{apt-get install virtualbox-4.2}}
* install extension pack
{{{
root@apollo:~/Downloads# sudo VBoxManage extpack install Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.2.6-82870.vbox-extpack
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%
Successfully installed "Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack".
root@apollo:~/Downloads#
}}}
* create test VM: \\
{{{root@apollo:~# VBoxManage createvm --name Ubuntu1 --ostype Linux --register
Virtual machine 'Ubuntu1' is created and registered.
UUID: 1ed5e417-1eca-4a60-b6d4-5c8f40e44019
Settings file: '/root/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu1/Ubuntu1.vbox'
root@apollo:~#
}}}
* modify attributes (more memory, VT off, network bridged instead of NAT:
{{{
VBoxManage modifyvm Ubuntu1 --memory=512 --hwvirtex=off --hwvirtexexcl=off --vtxvpid=off --boot1=dvd --boot2=disk --boot3=none --nic1=bridged --bridgeadapter1=wlan0 --nicpromisc1=allow-all --vrde=on --vrdeport=13389
}}}
* Deleted the kernel source again to free up some disk space:
{{{
root@apollo:~/src# du -cms linux-source-3.2.0/
5172 linux-source-3.2.0/
5172 total
root@apollo:~/src# df -h .
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda7 9.2G 6.6G 2.2G 76% /
root@apollo:~/src# rm -rf linux-source-3.2.0/
root@apollo:~/src# df -h .
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda7 9.2G 1.6G 7.2G 18% /
}}}
* Add CD and disk:
{{{
VBoxManage storagectl Ubuntu1 --name='IDE Controller' --add=ide --controller=PIIX4 --bootable=on
VBoxManage storagectl Ubuntu1 --name='SATA Controller' --add=sata --controller=IntelAhci --bootable=on
}}}
* show me how you look now:
{{{
root@apollo:~/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu1# VBoxManage showvminfo Ubuntu1
Name: Ubuntu1
Groups: /
Guest OS: Other Linux
UUID: 1ed5e417-1eca-4a60-b6d4-5c8f40e44019
Config file: /root/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu1/Ubuntu1.vbox
Snapshot folder: /root/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu1/Snapshots
Log folder: /root/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu1/Logs
Hardware UUID: 1ed5e417-1eca-4a60-b6d4-5c8f40e44019
Memory size: 512MB
Page Fusion: off
VRAM size: 8MB
CPU exec cap: 100%
HPET: off
Chipset: piix3
Firmware: BIOS
Number of CPUs: 1
Synthetic Cpu: off
CPUID overrides: None
Boot menu mode: message and menu
Boot Device (1): DVD
Boot Device (2): HardDisk
Boot Device (3): Not Assigned
Boot Device (4): Not Assigned
ACPI: on
IOAPIC: off
PAE: off
Time offset: 0ms
RTC: local time
Hardw. virt.ext: off
Hardw. virt.ext exclusive: off
Nested Paging: on
Large Pages: off
VT-x VPID: off
State: powered off (since 2013-01-26T17:41:58.000000000)
Monitor count: 1
3D Acceleration: off
2D Video Acceleration: off
Teleporter Enabled: off
Teleporter Port: 0
Teleporter Address:
Teleporter Password:
Tracing Enabled: off
Allow Tracing to Access VM: off
Tracing Configuration:
Autostart Enabled: off
Autostart Delay: 0
Storage Controller Name (0): IDE Controller
Storage Controller Type (0): PIIX4
Storage Controller Instance Number (0): 0
Storage Controller Max Port Count (0): 2
Storage Controller Port Count (0): 2
Storage Controller Bootable (0): on
Storage Controller Name (1): SATA Controller
Storage Controller Type (1): IntelAhci
Storage Controller Instance Number (1): 0
Storage Controller Max Port Count (1): 30
Storage Controller Port Count (1): 30
Storage Controller Bootable (1): on
NIC 1: MAC: 0800276CD273, Attachment: Bridged Interface 'wlan0', Cable connected: on, Trace: off (file: none), Type: Am79C973, Reported speed: 0 Mbps, Boot priority: 0, Promisc Policy: allow-all, Bandwidth group: none
NIC 2: disabled
NIC 3: disabled
NIC 4: disabled
NIC 5: disabled
NIC 6: disabled
NIC 7: disabled
NIC 8: disabled
Pointing Device: PS/2 Mouse
Keyboard Device: PS/2 Keyboard
UART 1: disabled
UART 2: disabled
LPT 1: disabled
LPT 2: disabled
Audio: disabled
Clipboard Mode: disabled
Drag'n'drop Mode: disabled
VRDE: enabled (Address 0.0.0.0, Ports 13389, MultiConn: off, ReuseSingleConn: off, Authentication type: null)
Video redirection: disabled
USB: disabled
EHCI: disabled
USB Device Filters:
<none>
Available remote USB devices:
<none>
Currently Attached USB Devices:
<none>
Bandwidth groups: <none>
Shared folders: <none>
VRDE Connection: not active
Clients so far: 0
Guest:
Configured memory balloon size: 0 MB
}}}
* attach the CD image
{{{
VBoxManage storageattach Ubuntu1 --storagectl='IDE Controller' --port=1 --device=1 --type=dvddrive --medium=/tmp/ff/ubuntu-12.04.1-server-i386.iso
}}}
* create HD:
{{{
VBoxManage createhd --filename '/root/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu1/disk1.vdi' --size=15000
}}}
* attach HD:
{{{
VBoxManage storageattach Ubuntu1 --storagectl='SATA Controller' --port=1 --device=0 --type=hdd --medium='/root/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu1/disk1.vdi'
}}}
* fire up the VM :
{{{
root@apollo:~/Downloads# VBoxHeadless --startvm Ubuntu1
Oracle VM VirtualBox Headless Interface 4.2.6
(C) 2008-2012 Oracle Corporation
All rights reserved.
VRDE server is listening on port 13389.
}}}
! VirtualBox cloning/snapshotting
Take a snapshot of a running VM:
{{{
VBoxManage snapshot Ubuntu1 take snapshot01 --description "first snapshot, almost vanilla ubuntu"
}}}
This commands ends fine, but the VM hangs, even no response from external pings anymore.
VRDP just shows a black screen.\\
Looks like it is paused (even if not specified on the snapshot subcommand):
{{{
root@apollo:~# VBoxManage showvminfo Ubuntu1 --details|grep -i state
State: paused (since 2013-01-27T15:23:36.808000000)
root@apollo:~#
}}}
So try to resume it:
root@apollo:~# VBoxManage controlvm Ubuntu1 resume
root@apollo:~# VBoxManage showvminfo Ubuntu1 --details|grep -i state
State: running (since 2013-01-27T15:40:09.024000000)
root@apollo:~#
}}}
And yes it is running again.
Now clone this snapshot to a second machine:
{{{
root@apollo:~# VBoxManage clonevm Ubuntu1 --snapshot snapshot01 --options keepdisknames --name Ubuntu2 --register
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%
Machine has been successfully cloned as "Ubuntu2"
root@apollo:~#
}}}
(This takes a few minutes).\\
But then we have :
{{{
root@apollo:~# VBoxManage list vms
"Ubuntu1" {1ed5e417-1eca-4a60-b6d4-5c8f40e44019}
"Ubuntu2" {e82b1ffb-21be-45e1-b467-c84cf5fda1a1}
root@apollo:~#
}}}
Change the vrdeport (should not be the same as the first machine):\\
{{VBoxManage modifyvm Ubuntu2 --vrdeport 13390}}
And fire up the thing:
{{{
root@apollo:~# VBoxHeadless --startvm Ubuntu2
Oracle VM VirtualBox Headless Interface 4.2.6
(C) 2008-2012 Oracle Corporation
All rights reserved.
VRDE server is listening on port 13390.
}}}
The first boot takes a bit longer, because of an fsck that runs because it thinks the fs was not cleanly unmounted.\\
First login through the VRDP console and change hostname with {{hostname ubuntu2}} and editing /etc/hostname.\\
I also note that network device eth0 does not come up.
dmesg shows that udev has renamed eth0 to eth1, that sounds familiar: remove {{ /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules}}
* listing HD's and cloning a harddisk:
{{{
root@apollo:~# vb list hdds
UUID: fc263d6a-18d4-4bda-a987-d8ffdc2a11b3
Parent UUID: base
Format: VDI
Location: /root/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu1/disk1.vdi
State: locked read
Type: normal
Usage: Ubuntu1 (UUID: 1ed5e417-1eca-4a60-b6d4-5c8f40e44019) [snapshot01 (UUID: 36426ba8-c819-45a3-87e5-e0d599cfc309)]
UUID: 88a8d294-cb4c-4881-b42b-286b25b3ab3e
Parent UUID: fc263d6a-18d4-4bda-a987-d8ffdc2a11b3
Format: VDI
Location: /root/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu1/Snapshots/{88a8d294-cb4c-4881-b42b-286b25b3ab3e}.vdi
State: locked write
Type: normal
Usage: Ubuntu1 (UUID: 1ed5e417-1eca-4a60-b6d4-5c8f40e44019)
UUID: fb289305-27fc-4344-bfb2-75942cbb1252
Parent UUID: base
Format: VDI
Location: /root/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu2/disk1.vdi
State: locked write
Type: normal
Usage: Ubuntu2 (UUID: e82b1ffb-21be-45e1-b467-c84cf5fda1a1)
root@apollo:~# vb clonehd fc263d6a-18d4-4bda-a987-d8ffdc2a11b3 /tmp/cloned.from.ubuntu1
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%
Clone hard disk created in format 'VDI'. UUID: 8a06d36c-13f0-4275-abe7-ebc64bff59a4
root@apollo:~# vb list hdds
UUID: fc263d6a-18d4-4bda-a987-d8ffdc2a11b3
Parent UUID: base
Format: VDI
Location: /root/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu1/disk1.vdi
State: locked read
Type: normal
Usage: Ubuntu1 (UUID: 1ed5e417-1eca-4a60-b6d4-5c8f40e44019) [snapshot01 (UUID: 36426ba8-c819-45a3-87e5-e0d599cfc309)]
UUID: 88a8d294-cb4c-4881-b42b-286b25b3ab3e
Parent UUID: fc263d6a-18d4-4bda-a987-d8ffdc2a11b3
Format: VDI
Location: /root/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu1/Snapshots/{88a8d294-cb4c-4881-b42b-286b25b3ab3e}.vdi
State: locked write
Type: normal
Usage: Ubuntu1 (UUID: 1ed5e417-1eca-4a60-b6d4-5c8f40e44019)
UUID: fb289305-27fc-4344-bfb2-75942cbb1252
Parent UUID: base
Format: VDI
Location: /root/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu2/disk1.vdi
State: locked write
Type: normal
Usage: Ubuntu2 (UUID: e82b1ffb-21be-45e1-b467-c84cf5fda1a1)
UUID: 8a06d36c-13f0-4275-abe7-ebc64bff59a4
Parent UUID: base
Format: VDI
Location: /tmp/cloned.from.ubuntu1
State: created
Type: normal
}}}
Now, you cannot just copy these files over :
{{{
root@apollo:~/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu2# cat /tmp/cloned.from.ubuntu1 > disk1.vdi
root@apollo:~/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu2# vb list vms
"Ubuntu1" {1ed5e417-1eca-4a60-b6d4-5c8f40e44019}
"Ubuntu2" {e82b1ffb-21be-45e1-b467-c84cf5fda1a1}
root@apollo:~/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu2# vb startvm Ubuntu2
Waiting for VM "Ubuntu2" to power on...
VBoxManage: error: The virtual machine 'Ubuntu2' has terminated unexpectedly during startup with exit code 0
VBoxManage: error: Details: code NS_ERROR_FAILURE (0x80004005), component Machine, interface IMachine
root@apollo:~/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu2#
}}}
So now "detach" this disk again by "attaching none" :
{{{
VBoxManage storageattach Ubuntu1 --storagectl='SATA Controller' --port=1 --device=0 --type=hdd --medium none
}}}
----
__TODO__
* This cloned HD should act as backup and be attached to the second VM to test if everyhting is fine with it.
! Extra installed packages
* See [DSDT issue|Installatie Ubuntu#KernelCompile]
* vim
* htop